| 1769 | Born in Albany, New York, Henry’s father is Alexis Thibodeaux of Canada, but he is orphaned in infancy and raised by the family of General Philip Schuyler - revolutionary hero and father-in-law of Alexander Hamilton. He spends his childhood in Scotland. |
| 1794 | Arrives in Louisiana and settles on the Acadian Coast in St. James Parish. He marries Felicite Bonvillian who produces three children before she dies a few years later. |
| 1800 | May 20, marries Bridgette Belanger who has five children. One of them will be Bannon Goforth Thibodeaux, a Whig representative to Congress in the 1840s. Henry moves to Lafourche Parish |
| 1805 | Serves as a member of the territorial legislature. |
| 1808 | Serves as Justice of the Peace of Lafourche County (which includes present day Assumption, Lafourche and Terrebonne parishes) |
| 1812 | Delegate to the constitutional convention. |
| 1812-1824 | State Senator from Lafourche |
| 1823-1827 | State Senate President |
| 1824 | November and December only; As president of the State Senate Henry becomes Governor of Louisiana when Thomas Bolling Robertson resigns. |
| 1827 | October 24; dies during active campaign to be elected governor. He is buried at St. Bridget’s Church in Schrievner, La. |